Some  New  Gcntri  end 
Species  Echi.no dermata 


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Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata.  3 

From  the  April  number  of  Vol.  XIII.,  of  the  Journal  of  the  Cincinnati  Society  of  Nat- 
ural History,  published  April  28,  1890. 


DESCRIPTION  OF  SOME  NEW  GENERA  AND  SPECIES 
OF  ECHINODERMATA,  FROM  THE  COAL  MEAS- 
URES AND  SUBCARBONIFEROUS  ROCKS 
OF  INDIANA,  MISSOURI  AND  IOWA. 

By  S.  A.  Miller  and  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 

Last  summer,  Sidney  J.  Hare,  E.  Butts  and  D.  H.  Todd  col- 
lected a lot  of  very  fine  crinoids  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures,  at 
Kansas  City,  Missouri,  many  of  which  have  fallen  into  the  hands 
of  one  of  the  authors  of  this  paper,  Mr.  Gurley.  They  are  the 
finest  specimens  ever  found  in  the  Coal  Measures,  and  it  is, 
therefore,  a pleasure  to  describe  them.  The  stone  quarries  in  the 
Waverly  or  Kinderhook  Group,  at  Legrand,  on  the  Chicago  and 
Northwestern  Railroad,  in  Marshall  County,  Iowa,  contain  some 
layers  of  yellowish,  soft,  sandy  limestone,  bearing  the  remains  of 
Crinoids  and  other  Echinoderms  in  a remarkably  fine  state  of  pres- 
ervation, and  Mr.  Gurley  visited  the  locality  soon  after  its  discovery, 
and  succeeded  in  obtaining  a large  collection.  He  has  been  an 
active  collector,  in  the  rocks  of  Indiana,  Illinois,  Iowa  and  Mis- 
souri, for  many  years,  and  all  the  specimens  here  defined  and 
illustrated  are  from  his  cabinet. 


eupachycrinid^e.  n.  fam. 

The  genera  for  which  we  propose  the  family  name  of  Eupach- 
crinidse,  with  the  Genus  Eupachycrinus  as  the  type,  all  belong  to 
the  Subcarboniferous  System  and  Coal  Measures.  The  calyx  is 
more  or  less  globular  or  bowl-shaped,  and  consists  of  five  basals, 
five  subradials,  five  primary  first  radials,  concave  internally  with  a 
broad  upper  face,  from  one  to  three  azygous  interradials  and  no 
regular  interradials.  There  are  one  or  more  brachials,  and  the 
arms  are  composed  of  a double  series  of  interlocking  plates,  which 
bear  short  pinnules.  The  column  is  small  and  round.  We  include 
in  the  family  Eupachycrinus,  Delocrinus  and  Ulocrinus. 


4 Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 

EUPACHYCRINUS  MAGISTER.  n.  Sp. 

Plate  I. , Fig.  i,  basal  view  ; Fig.  2,  azygous  side  view. 

This  species  is  very  large ; calyx  low  and  broad,  somewhat 
saucer-shaped,  bulged  a little  upon  the  azygous  side,  height  about 
half  the  width,  sutures  deep,  excavation  extending  about  half  the 
thickness  of  the  plates,  plates  very  strongly  tuberculated,  tubercles 
conical,  elongated,  and  irregular  in  form  and  distribution. 

The  five  basal  plates  are  sunk  in  a cavity  on  the  under  side, 
projecting  only  half  their  length  beyond  the  column;  even  this 
projection  is  tubercular ; they  form  in  the  interior  of  the  calyx  a 
pyramid,  which  is  pierced  at  the  summit  by  a five-rayed  opening, 
connecting  with  the  canal  in  the  center  of  the  column;  the  points 
of  the  rays  are  rounded.  The  basal  plates  are  made  pentagonal 
by  the  truncation  made  at  the  points  of  the  rays  for  the  central 
canal.  The  diagrammatic  views  which  have  been  made  of  the 
basal  plates  in  this  genus  are  incorrect  in  so  far  as  they  indicate  a 
pentagonal  opening  with  the  angles  directed  toward  the  sutures, 
instead  of  truncating  the  plates,  with  a concave  depression,  for  the 
five-rayed  opening  to  the  columnar  canal.  The  two  basals  on  the 
azygous  side  of  the  species  before  us  are  larger  than  the  others, 
being  nearly  as  large  as  the  other  three. 

The  subradials  are  very  large,  extend  into  the  basal  cavity  and 
curve  very  gently  upward  ; three  are  hexagonal,  the  two  longer 
sides  unite  with  the  subradials,  the  two  upper  sloping  sides,  uniting 
with  the  first  radials,  are  a little  shorter,  and  the  two  under  sides, 
uniting  with  the  basals,  are  very  short;  two  are  heptagonal,  the 
one  upon  the  right  of  the  first  azygous  plate  being  much  larger, 
and,  except  the  two  short  sides  uniting  with  the  basals,  the  other 
sides  are  of  subequal  length;  the  one  upon  the  left  has,  in  addition 
to  the  two  short  sides  uniting  with  the  basals,  a short  side  adjoining 
the  second  azygous  plate.  Four  of  the  first  radials  are  pentagonal, 
twice  as  wide  as  high ; the  upper  face  is  the  full  width  of  the 
plates,  and  projects  over  the  interior  of  the  calyx,  so  as  to  give  the 
appearance  of  having  great  thickness  when  viewed  from  above. 
The  other  first  radial,  upon  the  right  of  the  azygous  plates,  is 
quadrilateral,  except  a very,  slight  truncation  by  the  second 
azygous  plate  below  the  depth  of  the  suture.  The  first  radial  is 
separated  from  the  second,  or  brachial  piece,  on  the  outer  face,  by 
a wide  suture,  but  within  a crenated  ridge  extends  from  one  angle 
of  the  plates  to  another,  forming  a pentagon,  except  as  separated 


j.  ft*  if- 


r 

i 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata.  5 

by  the  second  azygous  plate ; the  ridge  has  a furrow  upon  the  outer 
side  in  the  central  part  of  each  plate,  and  within  this  there  is  a wide 
expansion  which  supports  the  brachial  and  arm  pieces.  The  first 
azygous  plate  has  four  sides,  rests  between  the  upper  sloping  sides 
of  two  subradials,  and  the  long  under  side  of  the  first  radial  on 
the  right,  with  the  shorter  side  abutting  upon  the  second  azygous 
plate.  The  second  azygous  plate  is  hexagonal,  curves  inward  and 
supports  upon  its  two  short  inner  faces  the  third  and  fourth  azygous 
plates  side  by  side.  The  vault  and  other  parts  unknown. 

This  species  would  seem  to  have  its  nearest  affinity  with  E. 
tuberculatus,  which  is  described  in  the  Geo.  Sur.  III.,  Vol.  II., 
p.  319;  in  that  species,  however,  the  plates  are  covered  with  regu- 
larly disposed,  narrow,  prominent  tubercles,  the  tubercles  being 
arranged  in  rows,  while  in  this  species  there  is  no  such  arrange- 
ment. E.  tuberculatus  is  figured  in  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  Vol.  V..  Plate 
XXIV.,  Figs.  9a  and  9b,  and  the  basal  plates  are  proportionally 
larger,  and  the  under  sides  of  the  subradials  longer,  than  they  are 
in  the  species  under  consideration,  beside  all  the  plates  have  a 
different  shape,  and  the  sutures  are  not  excavated  so  deep  as  in  the 
species  before  us. 

Found  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures  of  Kansas  City,  Missouri, 
and  now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


EUPACHYCRINUS  SPH^ERALIS.  n.  Sp. 


Plate  /.,  Fig.  3,  basal  view ; Fig.  4,  azygous  side  view. 

This  species  is  large  and  constricted  at  the  top  of  the  first 
radials ; calyx  somewhat  like  a widened  or  inflated  sphere,  width 
two-thirds  greater  than  height,  sutures  distinct  but  not  so  deeply 
excavated  as  in  E.  magister;  plates  irregularly  tuberculated,  but 
tubercles  not  half  as  large  as  in  E.  magister. 

Basal  plates  are  sunk  in  a cavity  on  the  under  side,  and  project 
less  than  half  their  width  beyond  the  column  ; subradials  large, 
extend  into  the  basal  cavity  and  curve  upward  half  the  height  of 
the  calyx;  three  are  hexagonal  and  two  heptagonal ; first  radials 
pentagonal,  though  the  one  on  the  right  of  the  azygous  plates  has  a 
very  short  truncated  side  abutting  upon  the  azygous  plate  ; second 
primary  radial,  or  first  brachial  piece,  smaller  than  the  first  and  of 
similar  form,  except  inverted,  and  bears  upon  its  upper  sloping 


6 


Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 


sides  the  free  arms ; the  one  opposite  the  azygous  side  bears  two 
arms,  each  of  which  has  a single  plate  followed  by  a double  series 
of  interlocking  ones;  the  others  support  four  arms  each;  the 
upper  sloping  sides  bear  pentagonal  plates,  similar  in  form  to  the 
second  radials,  which  are  followed  with  a single  plate  that,  in  its 
turn,  bears  a double  series  of  interlocking  ones. 

There  are  fourteen  large,  long  arms,  composed  of  a double 
series  of  interlocking  pieces,  rounded  externally,  and  flattened 
upon  the  sides  so  that,  in  an  accumbent  position,  they  close  some- 
what like  the  arms  of  an  Ichthyocrinus ; the  arms  in  our  specimens 
are  spread  out  and  the  extremities  are  not  preserved ; pinnules 
numerous,  but  not  very  long ; column  round,  and  rather  small  for 
such  a large  Crinoid. 

This  species  has  its  nearest  affinity  with  E.  verrucosus,  described 
in  the  Trans.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci. , Vol.  I.,  p.  117,  and  redescribed  and 
figured  in  the  Report  on  the  Palaeontology  of  Eastern  Nebraska,, 
page  150. 

Found  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures,  at  Kansas  City,  Missouri,, 
and  now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


ulocrinus.  n.  gen. 

(Ety.,  oulos,  solid,  substantial;  krinon,  lily. ) 

This  genus  has  a more  or  less  globular  or  pyramidal  calyx,  and 
is  related  to  Eupachycrinus  and  Delocrinus.  There  are  five  basals, 
forming  a slightly  convex  pentagonal  disc,  or  a low  cup  ; they  are 
of  the  same  size  and  usually  anchylosed  ; on  the  interior  of  the  cup 
the  columnar  extension  is  round,  depressed  below  the  interior  sur- 
face of  the  plates,  and  radiately  furrowed  like  the  articulating  faces 
of  the  plates  of  many  crinoid  columns;  on  the  exterior  a star-like, 
columnar  opening  truncates  the  basal  plates  with  the  points  of  the 
five  rays,  between  which  there  are  radiating  furrows  for  the  attach- 
ment of  the  first  columnar  plate;  by  this  arrangement  the  points  of 
the  basal  plates  are  very  thin,  and  disconnected  only  by  the  star- 
like  perforation. 

There  are  five  subradials,  each  one  of  which  may  be  as  large  or 
larger  than  the  five  united  basals;  all  regularly  alternate  with  the 
basals,  and  have  the  same  form,  except  that  one  may  be  truncated 
by  an  azygous  plate. 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata. 


7 


The  first  primary  radials  are  pentagonal  and  regularly  alternate 
with  the  subradials,  except  as  interrupted  by  an  azygous  plate; 
they  are  much  wider  than  high  ; the  upper  face  is  the  full  width  of 
the  plate,  and  projects  over  the  interior  of  the  calyx,  so  as  to  make 
a broad  articulating  face  for  the  first  brachial  piece;  the  internal  side 
of  the  first  radial  is  concave ; on  the  upper  face  of  the  plates  a fur- 
row extends  from  one  angle  of  the  plates  to  another,  on  the  inner 
side  of  which  there  is  a crenulated  ridge,  for  the  articulating 
brachial  piece,  and  an  interior  central  depression,  and  slight  con- 
cavity at  the  central,  internal  margin. 

There  are  no  regular  interradials.  A single  large  quadrangular 
azygous  interradial  rests  obliquely  between  two  subradials  and  two 
primary  radials,  and  forms  part  of  the  wall  of  the  calyx ; upon  an 
angle  of  this,  at  the  top  of  the  calyx,  a small  plate  intervenes  and 
projects  slightly  above  the  first  radials.  The  column  is  round. 
Other  parts  unknown,  though  very  thick,  heavy  plates,  bearing  a 
spine  like  the  first  brachial  plate  of  a Delocrinus,  are  found  asso- 
ciated, and  believed  to  belong  to  this  genus. 

The  cup  formed  by  the  basal  plates  distinguishes  this  genus  from 
Eupachycrinus  and  Delocrinus,  both  of  which  have  a concave 
base  and  an  interior  pyramid  formed  by  the  basals;  the  second 
azygous  plate  does  not  truncate  a siibradial,  and  forms  no  part  of 
the  wall  of  the  calyx  in  this  genus,  as  it  does  in  Eupachycrinus. 
It  is  probably  as  nearly  related  to  Delocrinus  as  it  is  to  Eupachy- 
crinus, though  at  first  view  it  would  seem  to  be  more  nearly  related 
to  the  latter.  Type  U.  buttsi. 


ULOCRINUS  BUTTSI,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  /.,  Fig.  5,  azygous  side  view;  Fig.  6,  basal  view. 

The  calyx  of  this  species  is  pyramidal  or  has  the  form  of  half  an 
ellipse,  elongated ; the  plates  are  moderately  thick,  and  convex 
externally  so  as  to  throw  the  sutures  into  wave  like  depressions; 
the  sutures  are  distinct,  but  the  plates  are  not  deeply  beveled  as 
is  common  in  many  species  of  Eupachycrinus;  the  surface  was, 
probably,  strongly  granulous,  as  the  better  preserved  plates  are 
rough,  though  evidently  slightly  worn. 

The  basal  plates  are  large  and  form  a cup  about  half  as  high  as 
wide;  the  perforation  for  the  columnar  canal  is  pentagonal  and 


8 


Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 


star-like ; the  subradials  are  very  large  and  longer  than  wide, 
which  produces  the  great  length  or  pyramidal  form  of  the  calyx ; 
four  of  the  plates  are  hexagonal  and  one  heptagonal ; four  of  the 
first  radials  are  pentagonal,  wider  than  long  and  truncated  above 
the  full  width  of  the  plates;  the  one  on  the  right  of  the  azygous 
side  is  possibly  hexagonal,  as  one  side  may  be  slightly  truncated 
by  the  second  azygous  plate ; the  upper  face  of  the  first  radials 
bears  a furrow  extending  from  one  angle  of  the  plates  to  another, 
behind  which  there  is  a narrow,  crenulated  ridge,  on  which  the 
second  radials  or  brachial  pieces  articulated.  The  first  azygous 
plate  is  irregularly  quadrangular  and  rests  obliquely  in  a notch  on 
the  top  of  a subradial  and  below  the  under  sloping  side  of  the  first 
radial  on  the  right,  but  it  does  not  reach  the  second  subradial. 
The  second  azygous  plate  is  injured  in  our  specimen,  but  it 
appears  to  have  slightly  truncated  one  angle  of  the  first  azygous 
plate,  and  the  two  abutting  first  radials  at  the  top  of  the  calyx. 

Found  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures,  at  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  and 
now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley.  The  specific  name 
is  in  honor  of  Mr.  E.  Butts,  of  Kansas  City,  who  has  done  a great 
deal  to  make  known  the  Natural  History  of  that  vicinity. 


ULOCRINUS  KANSASENSIS,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  /.,  Fig.  7,  azygous  side  view  ; Fig.  8,  outline  view  regular  side  ; 

Fig.  9,  top  view  of  calyx  to  show  the  prolongation  of  the  first  radials 
and  contracted  ope7iing  of  the  calyx  ; Fig.  10,  basal  view. 

The  calyx  of  this  species  is  somewhat  half-globular  in  form, 
though  the  height  is  more  than  two-thirds  the  width  at  the  top; 
the  plates  are  moderately  thick  and  quite  convex  externally,  so  as 
to  place  the  sutures  in  wave-like  depressions  quite  as  deep  as  they 
are  in  U.  buttsi;  sutures  distinct,  but  the  plates  are  not  beveled; 
surface  granulous. 

The  basals  form  an  equal-sided  convex  pentagon,  with  a central 
depression  for  the  star-shaped  columnar  canal;  the  subradials  are 
each  about  the  size  of  the  united  basals,  a little  wider  than  high, 
all  pentagonal  and  nearly  equal-sided  except  the  hexagonal  plate 
supporting  the  lower  face  of  the  azygous  plate.  The  first  radials 
are  pentagonal,  except  the  one  on  the  left  of  the  azygous  plates, 
which  becomes  hexagonal  by  the  very  slight  truncation  made  by 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata . 


9 


the  second  azygous  plate;  they  are  twice  as  wide  as  high;  the 
upper  face  is  the  full  width  of  the  plate,  and  extends  internally 
nearly  one-third  the  diameter  of  the  calyx;  in  the  specimen 
described  the  width  of  the  calyx  is  i 3-10  inches,  and  the  projec- 
tion of  these  plates  4-10  inch,  leaving  the  opening  at  the  top  of  the 
calyx  only  1-2  an  inch,  while  the  great  concavity  on  the  inner 
side  of  these  plates  will  give  an  internal  diameter  of  the  calyx 
immediately  below  the  top  of  the  first  radial  of  nearly  an  inch; 
the  upper  surface  is  broader  than  it  is  in  E.  buttsi,  but  the  mark- 
ings for  the  articulating  brachials  seem  to  be  about  the  same. 

The  azygous  plate  forms  part  of  the  calyx,  is  quadrangular, 
nearly  as  large  as  a first  radial,  rests  obliquely  between  two  sub- 
radials  and  the  under  sloping  side  of  the  right  first  radial  and  a 
second  under  sloping  side  of  the  left  first  radial ; the  upper  angle 
extends  about  as  high  as  the  upper  face  of  the  radials,  and  is  very 
slightly  if  at  all  truncated  by  an  angle  of  the  small  second  azygous 
plate. 

This  species  is  remarkable  for  the  great  overlapping  or  interior 
projection  of  the  first  radials,  and  in  this  respect  exceeds  all  known 
species  of  Delocrinus  and  Eupachycrinus.  No  part  above  the  first 
radials  is  known,  but  some  equally  remarkably  thick  brachial  plates, 
each  bearing  a very  large  spine,  occurring  at  Rock  Creek,  in  Jeffer- 
son County,  Kansas,  appear  to  belong  to  this  species. 

Found  at  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  and  now  in  the  collection  of 
Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


delocrinus,  n.  gen. 

Ety. : delos,  manifest,  clear;  krinon , lily. 

The  species  belonging  to  this  genus  are  usually  robust,  calyx 
basin-shaped,  arms  broad,  composed  of  a double  series  of  inter- 
locking pieces  joining  neatly  with  each  other,  column  round,  plates 
thick,  and  surface  smooth  or  finely  granulous,  not  sculptured ; 
basals  five,  occupying  a concavity  on  the  under  side,  and  more  or 
less  hidden  by  the  column,  but  forming  a little  cone  in  the  interior 
of  the  calyx;  subradials  pentagonal  and  hexagonal,  larger  than  the 
basals,  the  lower  part  indexed  by  the  depression  of  the  base  to 
meet  the  basal  plates,  the  middle  regularly  arched,  and  the  upper 
part  forming  a more  or  less  acute  angle  between  the  under  sloping 
sides  of  the  first  radials;  first  radials  wider  than  high,  pentagonal, 


o 


Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 


upper  face  truncated  the  entire  width  of  the  plate,  and  separated 
from  the  second  radial  or  brachial  plate  on  the  outer  face  by  a 
strong  suture,  but  immediately  within  a straight  crenated  ridge 
extends  from  one  outer  angle  of  the  plates  to  the  other,  on  the 
upper  face  of  the  plates,  which  is  furrowed  upon  each  side  so  as  to 
form  a toothed  hinge  upon  which  the  second  radial  or  first  brachial 
articulates;  behind  this  hinge,  in  the  middle  part  of  each  plate, 
there  is  a depression  or  socket  for  the  reception  of  a tooth-like  pro- 
jection ; on  the  under  side  of  the  second  radial  or  brachial,  a dart- 
shaped furrow  also  extends  on  the  upper  side  along  the  line  of 
union  of  the  plates,  commencing  just  within  the  angle  arising  from 
the  union  of  the  crenulated  ridges  and  extending  to  the  interior  of 
the  cup  which  receives  a corresponding  projection  from  the  second 
radials;  second  radials  or  brachials  pentagonal,  produced  exter- 
nally in  a more  or  less  strongly  developed  spine,  and  bearing  upon 
the  upper  or  inner  sloping  sides  the  free  arms,  the  first  one  or  two 
plates  of  which  are  single,  but  above  these  composed  of  a double 
series  of  interlocking  plates ; when  the  arms  are  closed  the  pin- 
nules are  within,  and  the  body  is  compact  something  like  an 
Encrinus;  there  are  no  regular  interradials  ; a single  azygous  inter- 
radial  rests  upon  the  truncated  upper  end  of  a subradial,  between 
two  first  radials,  and  extends  upward  between  the  second  radials  or 
brachial  plates ; it  is  truncated  at  the  upper  end  and  followed  by  a 
single  piece,  beyond  which  the  connection  with  the  vault  or  pro- 
boscis is  unknown.  Type  D.  hemisphericus. 

The  species  upon  which  this  genus  is  founded  was  first  defined 
by  Shumard  under  the  name  of  Poteriocrinus  hemisphericus,  in 
1858,  in  the  Transactions  of  the  St.  Louis  Academy  of  Science, 
Vol.  I,  p.»  221.  Meek,  in  1872,  under  the  name  of  Scaphiocri- 
nus  (?)  hemisphericus,  Shumard,  in  the  Report  on  the  Palaeontology 
of  Eastern  Nebraska,  p.  147,  PI.  V.,  Fig.  ia,  ib,  and  PI.  VII.,  Fig. 

1 a,  b,  c,  redefined  and  illustrated  Cyathocrinus  inflexus  of  Geinitz, 
which  is  a distinct  species  as  pointed  out  by  Geinitz,  though  con- 
generic. In  1873,  under  the  name  of  Scaphiocrinus  (?)  hemi- 
sphericus, Shumard,  in  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  Vol.  5,  p.  561,  PI.  XXIV., 
Fig.  5,  Meek,  probably,  correctly  identified  and  illustrated  this 
species. 

In  1880,  in  the  Proceedings  U.  S.  National  Museum,  Vol.  2,  p. 
257,  White  described  a species  under  the  name  of  Erisocrinus 
planus,  which  was  redescribed  and  figured  in  Hayden’s  Twelfth 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata . 1 1 

Ann.  Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Terr.,  p.  127,  PL  XXXV.,  Figs.  5a  and  5b 
under  the  name  of  Erisocrinus  (Ceriocrinus)  planus.  Ceriocrinus 
being  proposed  and  described  as  a subgenus  of  Erisocrinus  and  a 
comparison  made  with  the  Poteriocrinus  hemisphericus  of  Shumard, 
and  Cyathocrinus  inflexus  of  Geinitz.  Ceriocrinus  was  preoccupied, 
in  the  Echinodermata,  by  Koenig,  and  hence  the  use  of  the  word  by 
White  is  not  allowable.  The  genus  here  under  consideration  and 
founded  upon  the  Poteriocrinus  hemisphericus  of  Shumard  is  not  a 
subgenus  of  Erisocrinus,  nor  does  it  have  any  near  affinity  with  it, 
probably  not  even  family  affinity,  as  will  be  apparent  on  the  inspec- 
tion of  the  species  of  Erisocrinus  which  have  been  illustrated.  Its 
nearest  generic  relations  are  with  Eupachycrinus  or  Ulocrinus. 
The  Erisocrinus  planus  of  White  may  not  be  congeneric  with  this 
species,  because  the  small  azygous  plate  does  not  rest  on  a sub- 
radial  but  stands  upon  two  radials  and  projects  upward  between  two 
second  radials.  Only  the  calyx  is  known,  and  it  may  be  that 
other  parts  when  found  will  distinguish  it  from  this  genus,  or  pos- 
sibly unite  it  with  Erisocrinus.  We  are  inclined  to  believe  that 
Wachsmuth  & Springer  were  not  very  careful  in  their  examination 
of  these  forms,  for  when  referring  to  the  two  species,  hemispheri- 
cus and  planus,  near  the  top  of  page  254,  pt.  3,  Palaeocrinoidea, 
they  are  made  to  say,  “We,  therefore,  can  not  agree  with  White  in 
considering  the  two  forms  generically  identical,  and  much  less 
specifically,”  and  yet,  near  the  bottom  of  the  same  page  they 
refer  both  hemisphericus  and  planus  to  White’s  proposed  genus 
Ceriocrinus,  and  under  the  name  of  Ceriocrinus  hemisphericus, 
they  refer  with  approval  to  Meek’s  identification  in  the  Report  on 
the  Palaeontology  of  Eastern  Nebraska,  p.  147,  which  is  simply  a 
reproduction  of  the  inflexus  of  Geinitz,  which  is  a distinct  species 
that  they  recognize  on  the  same  page. 

In  the  North  American  Geology  and  Palaeontology,  S.  A.  Mil- 
ler condemned  Ceriocrinus  of  White  on  the  ground  that  the  name 
was  preoccupied,  and  referred  the  hemisphericus  to  Eupachycrinus, 
the  nearest  allied  genus  then  described. 

This  genus,  so  far  as  known,  is  confined  to  the  Coal  Measures  of 
the  Western  States  and  Territories.  We  refer  the  following  species 
to  it : 

Delocrinus  craigi,  (Eupachycrinus  craigi)  Meek  & Worthen, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  Vol.  VI,  p.  527,  PI.  XXXII.,  Figs.  1 and  ra. 

Delocrinus  fayettensis,  (Eupachycrinus  fayettensis)  Worthen, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  Vol.  V,  p.  565,  PI.  XXIV.,  Figs.  10,  10a. 


2 


Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 


Delocrinus  hemisphericus,  (Poteriocrinus  hemisphericus)  Shu- 
mard, Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Vol.  I,  p.  221.  Type  of  the 
genus. 

Delocrinus  inflexus,  (Cyathocrinus  inflexus)  Geinitz,  Carb.  und 
Dyas  in  Nebraska,  p.  62,  PI.  IV.,  Figs.  20a,  b,  c,  and  doubtless 
the  spines  and  some  of  the  plates  and  fragments  of  columns  figured 
on  the  same  page  under  the  name  of  Actinocrinus  sp.  The  spines 
figured  by  Meek  in  the  Report  on  the  Palaeontology  of  Eastern 
Nebraska,  PI.  V.,  Figs.  2a,  2b  and  2c,  under  the  name  of  Zea- 
crinus  mucrospinus  probably  belong  to  this  species,  while  the  form 
Fig.  1 called  Scaphiocrinus  (?)  hemisphericus  may  be  distinct. 
Delocrinus  missouriensis  n.  sp.  And  very  doubtfully  the  Eriso- 
crinus  planus  of  White  above  referred  to. 


DELOCRINUS  HEMISPHERICUS,  SHUMARD. 

Plate  II.,  Fig.  8,  side  vieiv  showing  azygous  plate  and  first  brachial , 
with  spine\  Fig.  9,  basal  view  of  same ; Fig.  10,  inner 
side  of  brachial  spine  magnified  two  diameters. 

Shumard  defined  this  species  as  follows : 

“ The  body  of  this  species  is  sub-hemispherical,  concave  below 
and  the  surface  finely  granulose. 

“The  base  is  very  deeply  concave,  pentagonal  and  completely 
concealed  from  view  when  the  column  remains  attached  to  the  cup. 
The  five  pieces  of  which  it  is  composed  are  of  a rhombic  shape, 
longer  than  wide,  and  the  interior  edges  nearly  double  the  length 
of  the  exterior  ones. 

“Th  z columnar  facet  is  circular,  crenulated  on  the  border;  the 
central  perforation  rather  large  and  pentalobate.  In  the  interior 
of  the  calyx  the  base  forms  an  elevated  conical  protuberance. 

“The  sub-radial  pieces  are  thick  and  longitudinally  recurved; 
four  of  them  are  pentagonal,  a little  longer  than  wide,  their  supe- 
rior edges  gently  arched  and  slightly  longer  than  the  infero-lateral 
edges;  the  basal  edges  are  very  short.  The  fifth  sub-radial  is 
hexagonal,  its  superior  angle  being  truncated  to  support  an  anal 
piece. 

“Th z first  radial  pieces  are  pentagonal,  very  massive,  and  as  wide 
again  as  long.  The  inferior  edges  are  slightly  concave  and  of 
equal  length  in  three  of  the  pieces,  but  on  the  anal  side  they  are 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata.  1 3 

unequal.  The  superior  edge  is  nearly  straight  and  rounded.  The 
articular  facet  is  very  broad,  nearly  horizontal,  and  furnished  with 
a prominent  transverse  ridge,  which  is  situated  nearest  the  exter- 
nal margin.  Exterior  to  this  is  a small  ridge  which  coalesces  with 
the  main  one  before  reaching  the  extremity  of  the  pieces.  Both 
ridges  are  strongly  crenulated. 

“ Anal pieces — Of  these  pieces  only  one  remains  in  the  specimens 
before  us.  It  is  rather  small,  elongate  hexagonal,  and  is  wedged 
in  between  two  of  the  first  radials,  above  which  it  projects  about 
half  its  length. 

“The  secondary  radials,  vault,  arms  and  column  are  unknown. 

“ Dimensions . — Height  of  calyx,  .30;  width,  .90;  height  of  first 
radial  pieces,  .26;  width  of  same,  .42.” 

His  specimens  were  from  Hinkston  Creek,  Boone  County,  and 
on  the  Missouri  River  near  Lexington,  while  our  specimens  are  from 
Kansas  City  in  the  same  vicinity.  His  definition  is  complete,  as 
far  as  it  goes,  and  we  may  add  only  that  which  our  specimens  dis- 
close in  addition. 

The  column  is  round  and  composed  of  alternately  thicker  and 
thinner  plates  radiately  furrowed  near  the  outer  circumference  of 
the  articulating  faces;  the  second  radial  or  brachial  articulates 
upon  the  crenated  ridge  on  the  top  of  the  first  radial,  bears  a tooth- 
like process  that  enters  the  socket  in  the  middle  of  the  posterior 
part  of  the  first  radial,  and  lateral  processes  that  fill  the  furrows  at 
the  uniting  joints  of  the  first  radials,  and  bears  a strong  spine, 
externally,  that  is  directed  upward  at  an  angle  of  about  forty-five 
degrees;  the  plates  bear  upon  their  upper  inner  sides  the  free  arms; 
arms  ten,  the  first  plate  articulates  upon  a serrated  edge  of  the  second 
radial,  the  next  plate  is  wide  and  thin,  and  above  this  the  arm  con- 
sists of  a double  series  of  thick  interlocking  plates  that  make  coarse 
wide  arms,  depressed  convex  externally,  and  flattened  upon  the 
sides  almost  as  if  cut  by  a knife  so  as  to  close  up  tight  like  an 
Encrinus;  the  first  azygous  plate  is  truncated  and  subquadrate  upon 
the  upper  face  which  is  serrated  near  the  outer  margin  for  the 
articulation  of  the  second  plate;  beyond  this  the  vault  is  unknown. 


1 4 Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 

DELOCRINUS  MISSOURIENSIS,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  II.,  Fig. If,  side  view  showing  column ; Fig.  12,  basal  view  ; Fig. 

13,  azygous  side  view. 

This  species  may  be  distinguished  at  first  view  from  D.  hemi- 
sphericus  by  the  lower  calyx  and  more  angular  outline,  and  the  top 
of  the  calyx  when  viewed  from  below  presents  a pentangular  out- 
line; the  basals  extend  slightly  beyond  the  column;  the  subradials 
in  the  median  part  are  sharply  convex  as  distinguished  from  the 
gently  arching  plates  in  D.  hemisphericus  and  do  not  extend  as 
high  proportionally  as  they  do  in  the  latter  species,  which  reduces 
the  height  of  the  calyx;  first  radials  regularly  convex  in  the  middle 
part  but  depressed  medially  toward  the  upper  face  of  the  plates 
which  produces  the  pentangular  outline  when  viewed  from  below; 
the  second  radials  or  brachials  while  exposing  a very  wide  suture 
are  not  quite  as  thick  and  do  not  stand  as  upright  as  they  do  in  D. 
hemisphericus,  and  have  a more  slender  spine;  the  azygous  plate  is 
the  same  as  in  D.  hemisphericus;  the  column  is  not  as  regular 
in  the  alternate  arrangement  of  the  thicker  and  thinner  plates  as 
in  D.  hemisphericus,  the  larger  plates  project  far  beyond  the  thin- 
ner ones  and  sometimes  there  are  two  or  more  thinner  plates 
between  the  thicker  ones. 

Found  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures,  in  Kansas  City,  Missouri, 
and  now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


.esiocrinus,  n.  gen. 

(Ety.:  aisios , auspicious,  coming  at  good  time  ; krinon , lily.) 

Column  pentagonal;  calyx  bowl-shaped,  plates  smooth  or  finely 
granulous;  basals  five,  forming  a pentagonal  flattened  or  slightly 
concave  disc ; subradials  rather  large,  four  hexagonal  and  one  hep- 
tagonal,  and  curving  upward  so  as  to  reach  half  the  hight  of  the 
calyx;  first  radials  five,  pentagonal,  wider  than  high  and  truncated 
the  entire  width  for  the  brachials;  one  or  more  brachials  in  each  ray 
supporting  strong  arms  composed  of  a single  series  of  plates;  arms 
ten  bearing  pinnules;  no  regular  interradials ; a single  azygous 
interradial  rests  upon  the  truncated  upper  end  of  a subradial, 
between  two  first  radials,  and  is  followed  by  two  plates  that  connect 
with  the  base  of  the  proboscis ; proboscis  long,  composed  of  four 
series  of  gradually  tapering  plates  bearing  numerous  transverse 
respiratory  fissures  or  slits  on  the  sides  of  the  plates. 


Description  of  Neiv  Genera  of  Echinodermata.  15 

The  calyx  of  this  genus  bears  some  resemblance  to  that  of  an 
Erisocrinus,  but  the  pentagonal  column  and  azygous  plate  distin- 
guish it.  The  azygous  plate  truncates  a subradial  as  in  Delo- 
crinus,  but  otherwise  there  is  no  resemblance  between  the  two 
genera.  The  long  flowing  arms  composed  of  single  plates  and  the 
remarkably  large  and  peculiarly  constructed  proboscis  characterize 
this  genus  and  distinguish  it  from  all  others.  Its  family  affinities 
would  seem  to  be  with  the  Poteriocrinidae,  but  probably  a new  fam- 
ily should  be  defined  for  its  reception. 


^ESIOCRINUS  MAGNIFICUS,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  II. , Fig.  1 , natural  size  of  a specimen  as  it  lies  on  a slab  ; Fig. 

2,  a free  proboscis  nearly  entire  and  only  slightly  twisted ; Fig.  3, 
portion  oj  same  magnified  2 diameters  to  show  ?nore  dis- 
tinctly the  respiratory  openings;  Fig.  4,  an  abnormal 
branching  proboscis ; Fig.  5,  sectional  end 
view  of  proboscis . 

Calyx  deep,  bowl-shaped,  surface  of  plates  finely  granulous; 
sutures  distinct  but  not  beveled ; basals  forming  a pentagonal  flat- 
tened disc  having  an  outline  about  twice  the  diameter  of  the 
column;  subradials  rather  large,  four  hexagonal,  one  heptagonal, 
bending  abruptly  upward  from  the  union  with  the  basals,  the  upper 
angle  extending  high  between  the  first  radials  so  as  to  make  the 
upper  sloping  sides  of  the  hexagonal  plates  much  the  longer;  first 
radials  larger  than  the  subradials,  about  one-half  wider  than  high, 
all  pentagonal  with  lateral  and  inferior  sides  of  equal  length  and 
upper  truncated  sides  extending  to  the  fullest  width  of  the  plates; 
first  brachial  plates  wide,  short,  rounded,  separated  exteriorly  from 
the  first  radials  by  a beveled  suture ; second  brachials  wide,  short, 
with  long  upper  sloping  sides  for  the  articulation  of  the  large  arm 
plates ; arms  ten,  long,  round  exteriorly  and  composed  of  short 
cuneiform  plates;  pinnules  short  and  rather  thick.  Proboscis 
remarkably  large,  long  and  composed  of  four  series  of  gradually 
tapering  convex,  tuberculated  plates,  somewhat  similar  in  appearance 
to  four  round  tapering  columns  placed  together,  giving  transversely 
a subquadrate  outline;  there  is  no  azygous  or  anal  opening  in  the 
proboscis,  but  there  are  numerous  transverse,  respiratory  fissures 
or  slits  in  the  longitudinal  depressions;  these  slits  exist  on  both 


1 6 Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 

sides  of  every  plate  of  the  proboscis  from  the  second  brachials  to 
the  very  top;  some  specimens  of  the  proboscis  have  one  or  more 
intercalated  plates  near  the  lower  end,  and  all  are  more  or  less 
twisted.  There  is  a bifurcated  proboscis  in  the  collection  which 
has  five  series  of  plates  below  the  bifurcation,  and  three  intercalated 
series  at  the  bifurcation,  so  that  each  branch  has  four  series,  which 
we  have  illustrated.  It  is  an  abnormal  specimen  that  may  have 
resulted  from  an  injury.  The  column  is  small,  pentagonal,  tuber- 
culated  and  bore  cirrhi  to  a greater  or  less  extent. 

This  species  was  collected  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures,  at  Kan- 
sas City,  and  the  specimens  are  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E. 
Gurley,  of  Danville,  Illinois. 


^ESIOCRINUS  HARII,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  III ’. , Fig.  i , natural  size  as  it  lies  upon  a slab. 

This  species  is  distinguished  from  A.  magnificus,  by  having  pro- 
portionally a much  smaller  and  a smooth  proboscis.  The  calyx  is 
bowl-shaped;  column  pentagonal;  basals  of  moderate  size  ; subra- 
dials  convex  and  extending  half  the  hight  of  the  calyx;  first  radials 
wider  than  high ; first  and  second  brachials  and  arms  as  in  A. 
magnificus  but  proportionally  smaller.  The  proboscis  is  much 
smaller  in  proportion  to  the  size  of  the  calyx  than  it  is  in  A. 
magnificus,  and  the  exterior  of  the  plates  is  smooth,  though  the 
respiratory  fissures  in  the  two  species  are  alike.  This  species  is 
thus  founded  upon  the  surface  charactei  of  the  proboscis,  and  the 
proportionally  larger  calyx  when  compared  with  other  parts  of  the 
body  and  arms. 

These  Kansas  City  fossils  were  collected  in  blue  clay,  where  they 
were  remarkably  well  preserved';  but  some  specimens  were  injured 
by  the  collectors,  who  undertook  to  wash  them  when'no  water  should 
have  been  applied.  Many  of  the  specimens  were  found  with  the 
heads  downward  and  the  arms  spread  out,  leaving  the  base  of  the 
calyx  upward,  with  the  strong  proboscis  pressed  to  one  side  as 
shown  in  the  illustration  of  this  species. 

From  the  Upper  Coal  Measures  of  Kansas  City,  and  now  in  the 
collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley.  The  specific  name  is  in  honor 
of  Sidney  J.  Hare. 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata. 


17 


HYDREIONOCRINUS  PENTAGONUS,  11.  Sp. 

Plate  II.,  Fig.  6,  view  of  azygous  side  showing  hight  of  calyx  and 
upper  truncated  face  for  second  radial s;  Fig.  7,  basal  view. 

Calyx  large,  pentagonal  and  exceedingly  depressed  to  the  top  of 
the  first  radials ; plates  very  thick  and  sutures  well  defined;  basals 
rather  large  and  forming  an  octagonal  ring  around  the  end  of  the 
column,  against  the  faces  of  which  the  subradials  and  three  of  the 
radials  rest ; subradials  small,  three  triangular,  one  quadrangular, 
and  the  other  pentagonal  by  reason  of  supporting  the  first  azygous 
plate ; they  are  slightly  convex,  and  lie  in  furrows  made  by  the 
angular  convexity  made  by  the  first  radials;  first  radials  about  twice 
as  wide  as  high,  the  hight  not  much  exceeding  the  thickness  of  the 
plates;  the  plates  are  hexagonal,  highly  convex,  depressed  toward 
the  sutures,  and  truncated  upon  the  outer  faces,  so  as  to  give  the 
calyx  a pentagonal  outline  ; the  depressions  at  the  sutures  appear 
as  furrows  in  the  pentagonal  outline  of  the  calyx;  first  azygous 
plate  quadrangular,  narrow,  resting  upon  the  upper  sloping  side  of 
a subradial  and  forming  the  bottom  of  the  furrow  between  two  first 
radials;  second  azygous  plate  heptagonal,  slightly  truncating  two 
first  radials  ; column  round. 

Second  radials  and  succeeding  parts  above  unknown,  and  it  is 
therefore  possible  that  this  species  is  a Ceacrinus,  but  from  the  char- 
acters given  the  inference  is,  it  possessed  the  ventral  sac  of  an 
Hydreionocrinus,  beside  the  latter  genus  had,  so  far  as  known,  its 
greater  development  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures,  while  the  former 
is  more  characteristic  of  the  upper  part  of  the  Subcarboniferous 
or  Kaskaskia  Group.  It  is  unnecessary  to  compare  this  with  any 
species  heretofore  defined,  because  it  is  easily  recognized  by  its 
strongly  marked  characters. 

Collected  in  the  Upper  Coal  Measures  at  Kansas  City,  and  now 
in  the  cabinet  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley,  of  Danville,  Illinois. 


ONYCHOCR1NUS  ULRICHI,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  III.,  Fig.  2,  azygous  side ; Fig.  3,  symmetrical  side , natural  size. 

Calyx  depressed,  saucer-shaped;  plates  finely  granulous,  sutures 
distinct;  basals  three,  extending  slightly  beyond  the  column;  four 
of  the  subradials  pentagonal,  the  one  opposite  the  azygous  side 


1 8 Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 

being  the  larger  one  and  all  sharply  pointed  at  the  upper  angle; 
the  other  one  is  hexagonal  with  an  upper  concave  articulating 
facet  for  the  first  azygous  plate;  primary  radials  five  in  each  ray, 
very  gradually  decreasing  in  size  upward  and  becoming  more  and 
more  sharply  rounded;  each  one  is  wider  than  high  and  the  sutures 
are  transverse,  with  the  exception  of  a slight  concave  central, 
exterior  depression ; the  fifth  plate  is  angular  in  the  central  part  of 
the  upper  face  and  supports  the  two  series  of  brachials;  the  brach- 
ials  and  arms  are  very  short  and  thick,  and  the  sutures  between 
the  plates  become  more  and  more  sinuous  toward  the  extremities; 
the  first  arm  is  given  off  at  about  the  fourth  brachial,  and  above 
this  there  are  twelve  or  more  short,  branching,  curving  arms  that 
form  a cluster  at  the  end  of  each  ray. 

The  first  regular  interradial  is  large  and  octagonal;  it  is  followed 
by  three  plates  and  these  by  five,  and  above  they  are  smaller  and 
more  numerous;  four  interbrachial  pieces  are  visible  in  our  speci- 
men, and  there  are,  probably,  more;  the  azygous  plates  are  small, 
short,  and  sutures  sinuous. 

Found  in  the  Keokuk  Group,  at  Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  and  now 
in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley.  The  specific  name  is  in 
honor  of  Prof.  E.  O.  Ulrich,  of  Newport,  Ky. 


AGARICOCRINUS  SPLENDENS,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  IV,  Pig.  i,  side  view  with  arms;  Fig.  2,  basal  view  of  same . 

This  species  is  of  medium  or  rather  under  medium  size;  base 
concave;  surface  granulous;  basals  small;  first  radials  small; 
second  radials  quadrangular,  wider  than  long;  third  radials  pentag- 
onal, wider  than  high,  and  supporting  upon  each  of  the  upper 
sloping  sides  a thin  brachial  plate,  which  is  followed  by  another 
thin  plate  having  two  upper  slightly  sloping  sides  which  support 
the  regular  interlocking  series  of  the  arm  plates;  arms,  twelve, 
three  in  each  ray  adjoining  the  azygous  side,  and  two  in  each  of 
the  other  three  rays;  they  are  a little  longer  than  the  greatest  diarn 
eter  of  the  catyx,  rather  small  and  taper  to  a point;  pinnules 
fine;  regular  interradial  areas  narrow,  the  first  plate  resting 
between  the  second  radials,  which  is  followed  by  two  smaller  ones 
situate  between  the  third  radials  and  the  first  brachials;  azygous 
area  having  one  plate  followed  by  three  of  nearly  the  same  size. 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata.  1 9 

which  gives  breadth  to  the  area  between  the  third  radials  and  the 
brachial  plates;  the  column  is  round  and  composed  of  alternately 
thicker  and  thinner  plates.  Our  specimens  do  not  show  the  vault. 

This  is  a beautiful  little  species,  quite  different  from  any  hereto- 
fore described,  and  occurs  in  the  Keokuk  Group,  at  Crawfords - 
ville,  Ind.  It  is  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


BATOCRINUS  MARINUS,  n.  sp. 


Plate  IV,  Fig.  3,  side  and  basal  view ; Fig.  4,  outline  view  of  plates  on 

azygous  side. 

Species  of  about  the  average  size;  calyx  expanded  at  the  arm 
bases  so  as  to  be  wider  than  high  and  to  make  the  openings  through 
the  vault  from  the  arm  furrows  at  right  angles  to  the  calyx ; surface 
of  the  plates  flattened  and  finely  granulous;  basals  three,  upright 
and  forming  a circle  which  appears  as  if  it  were  the  enlarged  end 
of  the  column;  first  radials  wider  and  larger  than  the  second  and 
third  together,  three  heptagonal  and  two  hexagonal;  the  upper  face 
is  truncated  for  the  second  radial,  and  the  upper  sloping  sides  sup- 
port the  first  interradials;  second  radials  quadrangular,  a little 
wider  than  high;  third  radials  wider  than  the  second  but  not 
longer,  pentagonal  or  hexagonal,  the  lower  lateral  sides  spreading 
so  as  to  give  the  greatest  width  at  the  angles  made  with  the  upper 
sloping  sides;  the  upper  sloping  sides  support  the  secondary 
radials;  secondary  radials  two  by  ten,  wider  than  long,  somewhat 
variable  in  size  and  shape,  the  second  one  bearing  upon  its  upper 
sloping  sides  a single  tertiary  radial ; the  tertiary  radials  are  suc- 
ceeded by  a double  series  of  interlocking  arm  plates;  arms  twenty, 
rather  small,  slender,  gradually  tapering  and  composed  of  a double 
series  of  plates,  alternately  interlocking;  in  our  specimen  they  are 
coiled  together  on  the  vault  around  the  base  of  the  proboscis ; pin- 
nules very  numerous.  Regular  interradials  five,  the  first  one 
polygonal,  about  as  large  as  a first  radial  and  nearly  as  large  as 
the  other  four;  the  first  one  is  followed  by  two  plates  and  these  by 
two  which  are  between  the  second  secondary  radials  and  the  upper 
sloping  sides  of  the  tertiary  radials;  there  is  one  intersecondary 
radial  in  each  area;  azygous  interradials  nine,  the  first  one  in  line 
with  the  first  radials  and  of  the  same  size,  this  is  followed  by  three 
smaller  ones,  and  these  again  by  three,  and  these  by  two  which  fit 


20 


Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History . 


between  the  under  sloping  sides  of  the  tertiary  radials ; the  probos- 
cis is  broken  off  in  our  specimen  at  the  top  of  the  folded  arms. 

Found  in  the  Keokuk  Group  at  Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  and  now 
in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


BATOCRINUS  JUCUNDUS,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  /V.,  Pig.  5,  azygous  side  with  arms ; Fig.  6,  symmetrical  view 
with  arms  removed , showing  proboscis • 

Species  rather  small;  calyx  globose,  nearly  as  wide  as  high, 
height  of  calyx  a little  more  than  height  of  dome  to  the  base  of  the 
proboscis;  arm  bases  very  slightly  projecting,  and  arm  openings 
projected  upward;  surface  of  the  plates  smooth  or  finely  granulous, 
more  or  less  convex  or  tumid ; basals  three,  short,  upright,  and 
forming  a pentagonal  ring  around  the  column;  first  primary  radi- 
als much  wider  and  larger  than  the  second  and  third  together;  on 
some  specimens  there  is  an  elongated,  transverse  tubercle  on  each 
one,  the  upper  face  is  broadly  truncated  for  the  inferior  face  of  the 
succeeding  radial,  and  the  upper  sloping  sides  support  the  first 
interradials ; second  primary  radials  quadrangular  one-half  wider 
than  long ; third  primary  radials  wider  and  larger  than  the  second, 
pentagonal  or  hexagonal,  the  lower  lateral  sides  spreading  so  as  to 
give  the  greatest  width  at  the  middle  part  of  the  plate  or  at  the 
angles  made  with  the  upper  sloping  sides ; the  upper  sloping  sides 
support  the  secondary  radials ; secondary  radials  2x10  wider  than 
long,  the  upper  the  larger,  but  both  of  them  variable  in  size  and 
shape;  six  of  them  have  upper  sloping  sides  for  tertiary  radials, 
while  four  of  them  bear  only  a single  tertiary  radial ; each  second 
secondary  radial  in  the  ray  opposite  the  azygous  side  bears  a single 
arm  and  one  of  the  lateral  secondary  radials  on  each  side  bears  a 
single  arm ; there  are,  therefore,  only  sixteen  arms ; a single  plate 
follows  each  tertiary  radial,  and  above  this  the  arm  is  constructed 
of  two  series  of  small  plates  alternately  arranged;  the  arms  are 
rounded  on  the  outer  side,  gradually  tapering  and  bear  numerous 
long  pinnules,  composed  of  comparatively  long  pieces ; regular 
interradials  in  some  areas  two  and  in  others  three,  the  first  one 
polygonal  and  larger  than  any  other  plate  above  the  first  primary 
radials ; when  it  is  followed  by  two  interradials  they  are  together  no 
larger  than  a single  secondary  interradial;  azygous  interradials 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata.  2 1 

eight  or  nine,  the  first  rests  between  the  upper  sloping  sides  of  two 
basal  plates  and  is  in  line  with  the  first  radials;  it  is  followed  by 
three  plates  in  the  second  series,  and  in  one  specimen  three  plates 
in  the  third  series  and  in  another  four;  these  are  followed  by  a 
single  plate  projecting  an  angle  up  between  the  under  sloping 
sides  of  tertiary  radials ; the  vault  and  proboscis  are  constructed  of 
highly  tumid  polygonal  plates ; the  proboscis  extends  as  far  as  or 
beyond  the  arms ; column  round. 

This  is  a handsome  little  species,  distinguished  by  its  sixteen 
arms  and  the  structure  of  the  calyx  from  all  others. 

Found  in  the  Keokuk  Group  at  Crawfordsville,  Indiana,  and 
now  in  the  collection  of  YVm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


DICHOCRINUS  C1NCTUS,  11.  Sp. 

Elate  IV.,  Fig.  io,  symmetrical  side  view ; Fig.  1 1 , azygous  side,  show- 
ing vault  and  valvular  opening ; Fig.  i 2 , summit  view. 

Calyx  obconoidal,  nearly  twice  as  high  as  wide,  somewhat  trun- 
cated at  the  arm  bases,  except  upon  the  azygous  side,  surface  of 
the  plates  bearing  a collection  of  fine  longitudinal  lines  from  the 
rim  at  the  base,  over  the  central  part  of  the  first  radials,  to  the  first 
rim  plates,  with  fine  transverse  lines  between,  especially  near  the 
top  of  the  calyx;  sutures  not  impressed,  and  the  transverse  and 
longitudinal  lines  cross  without  interruption  ; the  band  or  rim  at 
the  base  suggests  the  specific  name.  The  two  basals  form  a little 
cup,  the  height  of  which  is  equal  to  the  greatest  diameter;  they  are 
contracted  above  the  base  so  as  to  leave  a small,  smooth,  half 
cylindrical  rim  or  band  at  the  bottom  of  the  cup  ; the  first  radials 
are  about  twice  as  long  as  wide,  very  gradually  increase  in  width 
to  the  upper  truncated  end,  which  bears  a concave  facet,  a little 
more  than  one-third  the  width  of  the  plate,  for  the  attachment  of 
the  second  radial  or  first  brachial  piece  ; second  radial  thin, 
rounded;  the  third  radial  a little  thicker,  rounded,  and  bearing 
upon  its  upper  sloping  sides  the  free  arms;  arms  ten,  long,  rounded 
externally,  composed  of  a single  series  of  thin  plates,  bearing  long, 
strong  pinnules  closely  packed  together. 

Regular  interradials  forming  part  of  the  vault,  and  standing  but 
very  little  above  the  upper  truncated  edge  of  the  first  radials ; first 
azygous  interradial  as  large  as  the  first  radials,  inflected  toward  the 


22 


Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 


vault,  and  bearing  fine  longitudinal  lines  in  the  middle  and  lower 
central  part,  and  transverse  lines  on  each  side  of  these  on  the 
upper  part ; the  succeeding  plates  cover  a moderately  convex 
ridge,  expanded  a little  above  the  other  part  of  the  vault  which 
extends  to  the  side  of  a central  nipple  occupying  the  summit  of  the 
vault,  and  at  the  junction  there  is  a valvular  opening,  but  it  is  not 
connected  with  the  central  elevation ; this  nipple-like  elevation 
is  covered  with  very  small  polygonal  plates,  and  from  the  lower 
part  of  it  five  ambulacral  ridges  radiate  to  the  second  and  third 
radials,  which  ridges  are  covered  with  minute  polygonal  plates. 
The  column  is  round  and  composed  of  thin  plates  with  sharp  pro- 
jecting edges. 

Found  in  the  Kinderhook  or  Waverly  Group,  at  Le  Grand, 
Iowa,  and  now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


POTERIOCRINUS  GRAN1 LINEUS,  11.  Sp. 

Plate  IV.,  Pig.  7,  natural  size. 

Calyx  low,  basin-shaped;  sutures  well  defined;  basals  small 
and  hidden  by  the  column  ; subradials  small,  hexagonal,  except 
one  on  the  azygous  side,  which  is  truncated  at  the  top  and  heptag- 
onal ; first  radials  wide,  short,  pentagonal,  and  truncated  on  top, 
where  they  have  their  greatest  width  ; second  radials  quadrangular, 
short,  wider  than  the  first,  and  having  the  greatest  width  at  the 
upper  truncated  surface;  third  radials  wider  than  the  second,  pen- 
tagonal, very  short,  with  steep  upper  sloping  sides,  which  are 
slightly  curved  to  receive  the  free  arms;  arms  short,  composed  of 
short  cuneiform  plates,  so  strongly  arched  in  the  middle  as  to  form 
a subangular  ridge  down  the  back  of  all  the  rays,  on  which  the 
granules  are  so  united  as  to  form  a keel ; all  the  arms  preserved  in 
our  specimen  (six  in  number)  bifurcate  on  the  sixth  plate,  and 
above  this  the  bifurcations  are  irregular,  one  of  them  bifurcating 
on  the  fourth  plate,  and  others  do  not  seem  to  bifurcate  at  all.;  the 
arms  are  flattened  so  as  to  fit  closely  together  as  in  Zeacrinus; 
pinnules  not  observed;  the  first  azygous  plate  is  inserted  obliquely 
between  a subradial  and  the  under  sloping  side  of  a first  radial, 
with  the  truncated  lower  end  resting  against  another  subradial ; this 
plate  is  pentagonal ; the  second  azygous  plate  rests  upon  the  first 
above-mentioned  subradial,  and  between  the  radials  on  the  left  and 


9 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata.  23 

the  upper  sloping  side  of  the  first  azygous  plate  on  the  right ; the 
higher  azygous  plates  are  not  shown  in  our  specimen ; the  column 
is  rather  small  and  obscurely  pentagonal  near  the  head. 

The  surface  of  the  plates  of  body  and  arms  is  strongly  granu- 
lated, and  this,  with  the  angularity  of  the  arms  and  the  union  of  the 
granules  forming  a sharp  ridge  or  keel  down  all  the  rays,  strongly 
characterize  this  species,  and  suggests  the  specific  name.  It  prob- 
ably belongs  to  that  branch  of  the  genus  Poteriocrinus  for  which 
Wachsmuth  suggested  the  name  Pachylocrinus. 

Found  in  the  Keokuk  Group,  at  Crawfordsville,  Indiana,  and 
now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


POTERIOCRINUS  CRAWFORDSVILLENSIS,  11.  sp. 

Plate  IV.,  Fig.  8,  natural  size. 

Species  large,  robust ; calyx  obconoidal,  expanding  very  grad- 
ually from  the  large  column,  longer  than  wide,  and  composed  of 
smooth  rounded  plates  with  well  defined  sutures ; basals  large, 
widening  but  little  upward,  pentagonal,  about  as  wide  as  high  ; sub- 
radials  longer  than  wide,  expanding  but  little  upward,  those  shown 
in  our  specimen  hexagonal,  the  two  on  the  azygous  side  probably 
heptagonal ; radials  pentagonal,  very  little  wider  than  high,  the 
articulating  surfaces  occupying  the  entire  width  of  the  plates;  the 
second  radial  or  brachial  plate  in  the  ray  opposite  the  azygous  side 
is  pentagonal,  about  as  high  as  wide,  rounded,  and  supports  upon 
its  two  upper  sloping  sides  free  arms,  one  of  which  bifurcates  on 
the  third  plate  above,  and  the  other  does  not  divide ; the  arms  are 
robust,  long,  very  slowly  tapering,  rounded,  and  composed  of  thick 
cuneiform  plates;  column  large,  round,  composed  of  thicker  and 
thinner  plates,  the  articulating  faces  of  which  are  marked  by  radia- 
ting furrows,  which  show  the  serrated  edges.  Proboscis  and  other 
parts  unknown. 

This  species  belongs  to  that  branch  of  Poteriocrinus  for  which 
Wachsmuth  proposed  the  subgeneric  name  of  Scytalocrinus.  Its 
characters  are  very  strongly  marked,  and  it  resembles  P.  missou- 
riensis,  from  the  St.  Louis  Group,  about  as  much  as  it  does  any 
other  species  in  the  genus. 

It  was  found  in  the  Keokuk  Group,  at  Crawfordsville,  Indiana, 
and  belongs  to  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


24 


Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History. 


POTERIOCRINUS  VERUS,  n.  Sp. 

Plate  IV.,  Fig.  9,  natural  size. 

Species  medium  size ; calyx  obconoidal,  expanding  very  grad- 
ually, as  long  as  wide,  and  composed  of  smooth  rounded  plates ; 
sutures  distinct;  basals  pentagonal,  standing  upright,  nearly  as 
high  as  wide ; subradials  hexagonal  on  the  symmetrical  side,  about 
one-half  larger  than  the  basals  and  a little  longer  than  wide  ; radi- 
als  pentagonal,  wider  than  high,  a little  smaller  than  the  sub-radi- 
als,  convex,  truncated  the  entire  width  of  the  plates,  with  suture 
gaping ; there  are  five  brachials  in  two  rays  and  seven  in  the  other 
in  our  specimen  before  a bifurcation  is  reached ; these  plates  are 
nearly  as  long  as  wide,  round  externally,  and  very  slightly  con- 
stricted, and  the  sutures  are  gaping ; the  last  one  has  very  steep 
upper  sloping  sides  for  the  arms;  arms  ten,  long,  composed  of  very 
long  constricted  plates  with  slanting  gaping  sutures;  proboscis  long; 
our  specimen  shows  five  subquadrate  plates  where  the  arms  are 
broken  away,  indicating  that  the  proboscis  extended  nearly  or 
quite  to  the  ends  of  the  arms.  Column  round,  and  articulating 
faces  of  the  plates  radiately  furrowed. 

Found  at  Le  Grand,  Iowa,  in  the  Kinderhook  or  Waverly 
Group,  and  now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


SCAPHIOCRINUS  MANUS,  11.  sp. 

Plate  IV.,  Fig.  13,  azygous  side,  natural  size. 

General  form  of  calyx  and  arms  having  a fancied  resemblance  to 
a hand;  calyx  cup  shaped,  height  about  half  the  diameter  at  the 
top,  plates  convex  and  sunken  at  the  angles  of  the  sutures;  basals 
hidden  within  a shallow  depression  surrounding  the  end  of  the  col- 
umn; subradials  hexagonal,  except  one  on  the  azygous  side  which 
is  truncated  at  the  top  and  heptagonal ; they  are  larger  than  the 
basals,  and  about  half  as  large  as  the  first  radials;  first  radials 
pentagonal,  one-half  wider  than  high,  convex  at  the  upper  part, 
truncated  the  entire  width,  and  separated  from  the  brachials  exter- 
nally by  a wider  suture.  There  is  only  a single  brachial  in  each 
ray,  and  it  is  rather  larger  than  a first  radial,  pentagonal,  con- 
stricted, angular,  and  supports  on  its  upper  sloping  sides  the  free 
arms ; the  two  arms  on  the  left  of  the  azygous  plate  and  the  one 


Description  of  New  Genera  of  Echinodermata. 


25 


on  the  right  bifurcate  on  the  eighth  plate,  and  the  second  arm  to 
the  right  of  the  azygous  plates  bifurcates  on  the  tenth  plate  ; the 
plates  are  very  slightly  wedge-shaped,  and  have  their  thickest  mar- 
gins produced  into  nodes,  the  alternate  arrangement  of  which 
gives  the  arms  a rough  aspect;  pinnules  coarse,  making  the  head 
appear  full  and  dense.  The  first  azygous  plate  rests  between  the 
first  two  radials,  the  under  side  of  the  first  radial  on  the  right,  and 
the  second  and  third  azygous  plates ; the  second  azygous  plate  is 
of  the  same  size  as  the  first,  rests  on  the  truncated  end  of  a sub- 
radial,  and  abuts  upon  a first  radial  and  brachial  on  the  left,  the 
first  and  third  azygous  plates  on  the  right  and  another  azygous 
plate  at  the  top;  the  third  azygous  plate  is  a little  smaller,  and 
abuts  a brachial  on  the  right.  Column  and  vault  unknown. 

Found  in  the  Keokuk  Group,  at  Crawfordsville,  Indiana,  and 
now  in  the  collection  of  Wm.  F.  E.  Gurley. 


t 


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■ 

•i  i / '.;IW  , .tjftf! 

’ 


Plate  I. 


Page. 

Eupachycrinus  magister,  n.  sp 4 

Fig.  i,  basal  view;  Fig.  2,  azygous  side  view. 

Eupachycrinus  sphaeralis,  n.  sp  5 

Fig.  3,  basal  view  ; Fig.  4,  azygous  side  view. 

Ulocrinus  buttsi,  n.  sp  7 

Fig.  5,  azygous  side  view  ; Fig.  6,  basal  view. 

Ulocrinus  kansasensis,  n.  sp  8 

Fig.  7,  azygous  side  view  : Fig.  8,  outline  view  regular  side ; Fig. 

9,  top  view  of  calyx  to  show  the  prolongation  of  the  first  radials 
and  contracted  opening  of  the  calyx  ; Fig.  10,  basal  view. 


£.  0 //  /r/t  A - €?i/. 


■ 


' 


. 


Plate  II. 

Page. 

/Esiocrinus  magnificus,  n.  sp 15 

Fig.  1,  natural  size  of  a specimen  as  it  lies  on  a slab ; Fig.  2,  a free 
proboscis  nearly  entire  and  only  slightly  twisted  Fig.  3,  portion 
of  same  magnified  2]/z  diameters  to  show  more  distinctly  the 
respiratory  openings  ; Fig.  4,  an  abnormal  branching  proboscis; 

Fig.  5,  sectional  end  view  of  proboscis. 

Hydreionocrinus  pentagonus,  n.  sp 17 

Fig.  6,  view  of  azygous  side  showing  hight  of  calyx  and  upper  trun- 
cated face  for  second  radials ; Fig.  7,  basal  view. 

Delocrinus  hemisphericus,  Shumard 12 

Fig.  8,  side  view  showing  azygous  plate  and  first^  brachial,  with 
spine;  Fig.  9,  basal  view  of  same;  Fig.  10,  inner  side. of  brachial 
spine  magnified  two  diameters. 

/ 

Delocrinus  missouriensis,  n.  sp 

Fig.  11,  side  view  showing  column;  Fig.  12,  basal  view;  Fig.  13, 
azygous  side  view. 


14 


Vol.  XIII 


Plate  2 , 


- 


. 


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.••>***  hnuiy  »?;-  Ifiih  ontfrfv,  ,f  . . i I : ohi-  . _ r/\  . _ ;ai'l 


■ 


Plate  III. 

Page. 

yEsiocrinus  harii,  n.  sp 16 

Fig.  i,  natural  size  as  it  lies  upon  a slab. 

Onychocrinus  ulrichi,  n.  sp 17 

Fig.  2,  azygous  side  ; Fig.  3,  symmetrical  side,  natural  size. 


' 


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Plate  IF. 


Page. 


Agaricocrinus  splendens,  n.  sp 18 

Fig.  i,  side  view  with  arms  ; Fig.  2,  basal  view  of  same. 

Batocrinus  marinus,  n.  sp 19 

Fig.  3,  side  and  basal  view  ; Fig.  4,  outline  view  of  plates  on  azygous 
side. 

Batocrinus  jucundus,  n.  sp 20 

Fig.  5,  azygous  side  with  arms ; Fig.  6,  symmetrical  view  with  arms 
removed,  showing  proboscis. 

Poteriocrinus  granilineus,  n.  sp  22 

Fig.  7,  natural  size.  ' 

Poteriocrinus  cravvfordsvillensis,  n.  sp  23 

Fig.  8,  natural  size. 

* 

Poteriocrinus  verus,  n.  sp  24 

Fig.  9,  natural  size. 

Dichocrinus  cinctus,  n.  sp  21 

Fig.  10,  symmetrical  side  view  ; Fig.  1 1,  azygous  side,  showing  vault 
and  valvular  opening;  Fig.  12,  summit  view. 

Scaphiocrinus  manus,  n.  sp  24 

Fig.  13,  azygous  side,  natural  size. 


^ O.  Ittrt  - e?eS. 


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PRESSBOARD 

PAMPHLET  BINDER 


Manufoctured  by 
GAYLORD  BROS.  Inc. 
Syracuse,  N.Y. 
Stockton,  Calif. 


